Upgrading Single Front-End

Important

If you haven’t done so, please enable the OpenNebula and needed 3rd party repositories before attempting the upgrade process.

Upgrading from 6.x and higher

Step 1. Check Virtual Machine Status

Before proceeding, make sure you don’t have any VMs in a transient state (prolog, migrate, epilog, save). Wait until these VMs get to a final state (running, suspended, stopped, done). (For more information on the life cycle of Virtual Machines, please see Virtual Machine Instances.)

Step 2. Set All Hosts to Disable Mode

Set all Hosts to disable mode to stop all monitoring processes.

onehost disable <host_id>

Step 3. Stop OpenNebula

Stop OpenNebula and any other related services you may have running: OneFlow, OneGate and FireEdge. To stop OpenNebula, it’s preferable to use the system tools, like systemctl or service running as user root. For example (note that opennebula-scheduler is no longer used in 7.0 or newer):

systemctl stop opennebula opennebula-flow.service opennebula-gate.service opennebula-hem.service opennebula-scheduler.service opennebula-fireedge.service

Then make sure every OpenNebula process is stopped. For example:

systemctl is-active opennebula opennebula-flow.service opennebula-gate.service opennebula-hem.service opennebula-scheduler.service opennebula-fireedge.service

Important

If you are running FireEdge service behind Apache/Nginx, please also stop the Apache/Nginx service.

Step 4. Back up OpenNebula Configuration

Back up the configuration files located in /etc/one and /var/lib/one/remotes/etc. You don’t need to do a manual backup of your database; the onedb command will perform one automatically.

cp -ra /etc/one /etc/one.$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')

cp -ra /var/lib/one/remotes/etc /var/lib/one/remotes/etc.$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')

onedb backup

Step 5. Upgrade OpenNebula Packages Repository

In order to be able to retrieve the packages for the latest version, you need to update the OpenNebula packages repository. The instructions for doing this are detailed here.

Step 6. Upgrade to the New Version

Important

When prompted by the package manager, select the option to keep your current (modified) configuration files. The upgrade of these files will be handled in the next step.

Ubuntu/Debian

apt-get update
apt-get install --only-upgrade opennebula opennebula-gate opennebula-flow opennebula-fireedge opennebula-migration python3-pyone

RHEL

yum upgrade opennebula opennebula-gate opennebula-flow opennebula-fireedge opennebula-migration python3-pyone

Step 7. Update Configuration Files

In High Availability (HA) setups, you must replace the default value auto of the MONITOR_ADDRESS parameter in /etc/one/monitord.conf with the virtual IP address used in the RAFT_LEADER_HOOK and RAFT_FOLLOWER_HOOK settings in /etc/one/oned.conf.

Important

Note: This step only applies to installations prior to version 7.0 that have defined custom default label groups in /etc/one/sunstone-views.yaml and wish to preserve them.

Before proceeding, back up the /etc/one/sunstone-views.yaml file. After completing the onecfg upgrade step, restore the file to its original location. Once the upgrade is fully finalized and the custom labels are confirmed to be migrated, the file may be safely removed.

Before upgrading OpenNebula, ensure that the configuration state is clean, with no pending migrations from previous or outdated configurations. To verify this, run onecfg status. A clean state should produce output similar to:

$ onecfg status
--- Versions ------------------------------
OpenNebula:  7.0.0
Config:      6.10.0

--- Backup to Process ---------------------
Snapshot:    /var/lib/one/backups/config/2025-06-27_11:05:47-v6.10.0
(will be used as one-shot source for next update)

--- Available Configuration Updates -------
New config:  7.0.0
- from 6.10.0 to 6.10.2 (YAML, Ruby)
- from 6.10.2 to 7.0.0 (YAML, Ruby)

Note

After running onecfg status, you might encounter one of the following messages:

Unknown Configuration Version Error: No action is required. The configuration version will be initialized automatically during the OpenNebula upgrade, based on the existing version.
Configuration Metadata Outdated Error: This indicates that a configuration upgrade was skipped during a previous OpenNebula upgrade. To resolve this, reinitialize the configuration state with onecfg init --force. This will discard any unprocessed configuration upgrades.

After confirming the configuration state, in most cases you can proceed with the following command, which uses OpenNebula’s internal version tracking to apply the appropriate configuration updates:

# onecfg upgrade
ANY   : Found backed up configuration to process!
ANY   : Snapshot to update from '/var/lib/one/backups/config/2025-06-27_11:05:47-v6.10.0'
ANY   : Backup stored in '/var/lib/one/backups/config/2025-06-27_11:39:36_30392'
ANY   : Configuration updated to 7.0.0

If you get conflicts when running the onecfg upgrade, refer to the onecfg upgrade basic usage documentation on how to upgrade and troubleshoot the configurations, in particular the onecfg upgrade doc and the Troubleshooting section.

Finally, check the configuration state via onecfg status. There should be no errors and no new updates available. Your configuration should be up to date for the currently installed OpenNebula version. For example:

--- Versions ------------------------------
OpenNebula:  7.0.0
Config:      7.0.0

--- Available Configuration Updates -------
No updates available.

Step 8. Upgrade the Database Version

Important

If you have backed up /etc/one/sunstone-views.yaml restore the file to /etc/one now before executing the following command.

Simply run the onedb upgrade -v command. The connection parameters are automatically retrieved from /etc/one/oned.conf. Example:

$ onedb upgrade -v
Version read:
Shared tables 6.10.0 : OpenNebula 6.10.0 (5d6b8571) daemon bootstrap
Local tables  6.10.0 : OpenNebula 6.10.0 (5d6b8571) daemon bootstrap

Sqlite database backup stored in /var/lib/one/one.db_2025-6-27_11:45:51.bck
Use 'onedb restore' to restore the DB.

>>> Running migrators for shared tables
  > Running migrator /usr/lib/one/ruby/onedb/shared/6.10.0_to_7.0.0.rb
  > Done in 0.00s

Database migrated from 6.10.0 to 7.0.0 (OpenNebula 7.0.0) by onedb command.

>>> Running migrators for local tables
  > Running migrator /usr/lib/one/ruby/onedb/local/6.10.0_to_7.0.0.rb
  > Done in 0.08s

Database migrated from 6.10.0 to 7.0.0 (OpenNebula 7.0.0) by onedb command.

Total time: 0.12s

Step 9. Check DB Consistency

First, move the 7.0 backup file created by the upgrade command to a safe place. If you face any issues the onedb command can restore this backup, but it won’t downgrade databases to previous versions. Then, execute the onedb fsck command:

$ onedb fsck
MySQL dump stored in /var/lib/one/mysql_localhost_opennebula.sql
Use 'onedb restore' or restore the DB using the mysql command:
mysql -u user -h server -P port db_name < backup_file

Total errors found: 0

Step 10. Start OpenNebula

Important

For versions prior to 7.0, now you can safely delete /etc/one/sunstone-views.yaml.

Start OpenNebula and any other related services: OneFlow, OneGate and FireEdge. First reload the new systemd unit files:

systemctl daemon-reload

Then restart the services:

systemctl start opennebula opennebula-flow.service opennebula-gate.service opennebula-hem.service opennebula-fireedge.service

Important

If you are running FireEdge service behind Apache/Nginx, please start also the Apache/Nginx service.

Step 11. Restore Custom Probes

If you have any custom monitoring probes, follow these instructions to update them to the new monitoring system

Step 12. Update the Hypervisors

Warning

The hypervisor node operating system must meet the minimum version required according to the KVM or LXC platform notes. Running a Front-end node with a newer OpenNebula version controlling hypervisor nodes running in old unsupported platforms, like CentOS 7, can result in a myriad of dependency problems. A very common issue is the old ruby version shipped in CentOS 7 not being able to run the newer driver code.

Log in to your hypervisor Hosts and update the opennebula-node packages. NOTE: you may need to upgrade the software repository as described above.

Ubuntu/Debian

apt-get update
apt-get install --only-upgrade opennebula-node-<hypervisor>

RHEL

yum upgrade opennebula-node-<hypervisor>

Note

Note that the <hypervisor> tag should be replaced by the name of the corresponding hypervisor (i.e., kvm or lxc).

Important

For KVM hypervisor it’s also necessary to restart the libvirt service

Then update the virtualization, storage, and networking drivers. As the oneadmin user, execute:

onehost sync

Step 13. Enable Hosts

Enable all Hosts, disabled in step 2:

onehost enable <host_id>

If upgrading from a version earlier than 6.0, please see Upgrading from Previous Versions.

Testing

OpenNebula will continue the monitoring and management of your previous Hosts and VMs.

As a measure of caution, look for any error messages in oned.log, and check that all drivers are loaded successfully. You may also try some show subcommand for some resources to check everything is working (e.g., onehost show or onevm show).

Restoring the Previous Version

If for any reason you need to restore your previous OpenNebula, simply uninstall OpenNebula 7.0 and reinstall your previous version. After that, update the drivers if needed, as outlined in Step 12.

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