# Django 2.2.9.dev20191202104323 文档

# django.utils.html 源代码

    """HTML utilities suitable for global use."""

    import json
    import re
    from html.parser import HTMLParser
    from urllib.parse import (
        parse_qsl, quote, unquote, urlencode, urlsplit, urlunsplit,
    )

    from django.utils.functional import Promise, keep_lazy, keep_lazy_text
    from django.utils.http import RFC3986_GENDELIMS, RFC3986_SUBDELIMS
    from django.utils.safestring import SafeData, SafeText, mark_safe
    from django.utils.text import normalize_newlines

    # Configuration for urlize() function.
    TRAILING_PUNCTUATION_CHARS = '.,:;!'
    WRAPPING_PUNCTUATION = [('(', ')'), ('[', ']')]

    # List of possible strings used for bullets in bulleted lists.
    DOTS = ['&middot;', '*', '\u2022', '&#149;', '&bull;', '&#8226;']

    unencoded_ampersands_re = re.compile(r'&(?!(\w+|#\d+);)')
    word_split_re = re.compile(r'''([\s<>"']+)''')
    simple_url_re = re.compile(r'^https?://\[?\w', re.IGNORECASE)
    simple_url_2_re = re.compile(r'^www\.|^(?!http)\w[^@]+\.(com|edu|gov|int|mil|net|org)($|/.*)$', re.IGNORECASE)

    _html_escapes = {
        ord('&'): '&amp;',
        ord('<'): '&lt;',
        ord('>'): '&gt;',
        ord('"'): '&quot;',
        ord("'"): '&#39;',
    }

    @keep_lazy(str, SafeText)
    def escape(text):
        """
        Return the given text with ampersands, quotes and angle brackets encoded
        for use in HTML.

        Always escape input, even if it's already escaped and marked as such.
        This may result in double-escaping. If this is a concern, use
        conditional_escape() instead.
        """
        return mark_safe(str(text).translate(_html_escapes))

    _js_escapes = {
        ord('\\'): '\\u005C',
        ord('\''): '\\u0027',
        ord('"'): '\\u0022',
        ord('>'): '\\u003E',
        ord('<'): '\\u003C',
        ord('&'): '\\u0026',
        ord('='): '\\u003D',
        ord('-'): '\\u002D',
        ord(';'): '\\u003B',
        ord('`'): '\\u0060',
        ord('\u2028'): '\\u2028',
        ord('\u2029'): '\\u2029'
    }

    # Escape every ASCII character with a value less than 32.
    _js_escapes.update((ord('%c' % z), '\\u%04X' % z) for z in range(32))

    @keep_lazy(str, SafeText)
    def escapejs(value):
        """Hex encode characters for use in JavaScript strings."""
        return mark_safe(str(value).translate(_js_escapes))

    _json_script_escapes = {
        ord('>'): '\\u003E',
        ord('<'): '\\u003C',
        ord('&'): '\\u0026',
    }

    def json_script(value, element_id):
        """
        Escape all the HTML/XML special characters with their unicode escapes, so
        value is safe to be output anywhere except for inside a tag attribute. Wrap
        the escaped JSON in a script tag.
        """
        from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder
        json_str = json.dumps(value, cls=DjangoJSONEncoder).translate(_json_script_escapes)
        return format_html(
            '<script id="{}" type="application/json">{}</script>',
            element_id, mark_safe(json_str)
        )

    def conditional_escape(text):
        """
        Similar to escape(), except that it doesn't operate on pre-escaped strings.

        This function relies on the __html__ convention used both by Django's
        SafeData class and by third-party libraries like markupsafe.
        """
        if isinstance(text, Promise):
            text = str(text)
        if hasattr(text, '__html__'):
            return text.__html__()
        else:
            return escape(text)

    def format_html(format_string, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Similar to str.format, but pass all arguments through conditional_escape(),
        and call mark_safe() on the result. This function should be used instead
        of str.format or % interpolation to build up small HTML fragments.
        """
        args_safe = map(conditional_escape, args)
        kwargs_safe = {k: conditional_escape(v) for (k, v) in kwargs.items()}
        return mark_safe(format_string.format(*args_safe, **kwargs_safe))

    def format_html_join(sep, format_string, args_generator):
        """
        A wrapper of format_html, for the common case of a group of arguments that
        need to be formatted using the same format string, and then joined using
        'sep'. 'sep' is also passed through conditional_escape.

        'args_generator' should be an iterator that returns the sequence of 'args'
        that will be passed to format_html.

        Example:

          format_html_join('\n', "<li>{} {}</li>", ((u.first_name, u.last_name)
                                                      for u in users))
        """
        return mark_safe(conditional_escape(sep).join(
            format_html(format_string, *args)
            for args in args_generator
        ))

    @keep_lazy_text
    def linebreaks(value, autoescape=False):
        """Convert newlines into <p> and <br>s."""
        value = normalize_newlines(value)
        paras = re.split('\n{2,}', str(value))
        if autoescape:
            paras = ['<p>%s</p>' % escape(p).replace('\n', '<br>') for p in paras]
        else:
            paras = ['<p>%s</p>' % p.replace('\n', '<br>') for p in paras]
        return '\n\n'.join(paras)

    class MLStripper(HTMLParser):
        def __init__(self):
            super().__init__(convert_charrefs=False)
            self.reset()
            self.fed = []

        def handle_data(self, d):
            self.fed.append(d)

        def handle_entityref(self, name):
            self.fed.append('&%s;' % name)

        def handle_charref(self, name):
            self.fed.append('&#%s;' % name)

        def get_data(self):
            return ''.join(self.fed)

    def _strip_once(value):
        """
        Internal tag stripping utility used by strip_tags.
        """
        s = MLStripper()
        s.feed(value)
        s.close()
        return s.get_data()

    @keep_lazy_text
    def strip_tags(value):
        """Return the given HTML with all tags stripped."""
        # Note: in typical case this loop executes _strip_once once. Loop condition
        # is redundant, but helps to reduce number of executions of _strip_once.
        value = str(value)
        while '<' in value and '>' in value:
            new_value = _strip_once(value)
            if value.count('<') == new_value.count('<'):
                # _strip_once wasn't able to detect more tags.
                break
            value = new_value
        return value

    @keep_lazy_text
    def strip_spaces_between_tags(value):
        """Return the given HTML with spaces between tags removed."""
        return re.sub(r'>\s+<', '><', str(value))

    def smart_urlquote(url):
        """Quote a URL if it isn't already quoted."""
        def unquote_quote(segment):
            segment = unquote(segment)
            # Tilde is part of RFC3986 Unreserved Characters
            # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.3
            # See also https://bugs.python.org/issue16285
            return quote(segment, safe=RFC3986_SUBDELIMS + RFC3986_GENDELIMS + '~')

        # Handle IDN before quoting.
        try:
            scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlsplit(url)
        except ValueError:
            # invalid IPv6 URL (normally square brackets in hostname part).
            return unquote_quote(url)

        try:
            netloc = netloc.encode('idna').decode('ascii')  # IDN -> ACE
        except UnicodeError:  # invalid domain part
            return unquote_quote(url)

        if query:
            # Separately unquoting key/value, so as to not mix querystring separators
            # included in query values. See #22267.
            query_parts = [(unquote(q[0]), unquote(q[1]))
                           for q in parse_qsl(query, keep_blank_values=True)]
            # urlencode will take care of quoting
            query = urlencode(query_parts)

        path = unquote_quote(path)
        fragment = unquote_quote(fragment)

        return urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment))

    @keep_lazy_text
    def urlize(text, trim_url_limit=None, nofollow=False, autoescape=False):
        """
        Convert any URLs in text into clickable links.

        Works on http://, https://, www. links, and also on links ending in one of
        the original seven gTLDs (.com, .edu, .gov, .int, .mil, .net, and .org).
        Links can have trailing punctuation (periods, commas, close-parens) and
        leading punctuation (opening parens) and it'll still do the right thing.

        If trim_url_limit is not None, truncate the URLs in the link text longer
        than this limit to trim_url_limit - 1 characters and append an ellipsis.

        If nofollow is True, give the links a rel="nofollow" attribute.

        If autoescape is True, autoescape the link text and URLs.
        """
        safe_input = isinstance(text, SafeData)

        def trim_url(x, limit=trim_url_limit):
            if limit is None or len(x) <= limit:
                return x
            return '%s…' % x[:max(0, limit - 1)]

        def unescape(text):
            """
            If input URL is HTML-escaped, unescape it so that it can be safely fed
            to smart_urlquote. For example:
            http://example.com?x=1&amp;y=&lt;2&gt; => http://example.com?x=1&y=<2>
            """
            return text.replace('&amp;', '&').replace('&lt;', '<').replace(
                '&gt;', '>').replace('&quot;', '"').replace('&#39;', "'")

        def trim_punctuation(lead, middle, trail):
            """
            Trim trailing and wrapping punctuation from `middle`. Return the items
            of the new state.
            """
            # Continue trimming until middle remains unchanged.
            trimmed_something = True
            while trimmed_something:
                trimmed_something = False
                # Trim wrapping punctuation.
                for opening, closing in WRAPPING_PUNCTUATION:
                    if middle.startswith(opening):
                        middle = middle[len(opening):]
                        lead += opening
                        trimmed_something = True
                    # Keep parentheses at the end only if they're balanced.
                    if (middle.endswith(closing) and
                            middle.count(closing) == middle.count(opening) + 1):
                        middle = middle[:-len(closing)]
                        trail = closing + trail
                        trimmed_something = True
                # Trim trailing punctuation (after trimming wrapping punctuation,
                # as encoded entities contain ';'). Unescape entites to avoid
                # breaking them by removing ';'.
                middle_unescaped = unescape(middle)
                stripped = middle_unescaped.rstrip(TRAILING_PUNCTUATION_CHARS)
                if middle_unescaped != stripped:
                    trail = middle[len(stripped):] + trail
                    middle = middle[:len(stripped) - len(middle_unescaped)]
                    trimmed_something = True
            return lead, middle, trail

        def is_email_simple(value):
            """Return True if value looks like an email address."""
            # An @ must be in the middle of the value.
            if '@' not in value or value.startswith('@') or value.endswith('@'):
                return False
            try:
                p1, p2 = value.split('@')
            except ValueError:
                # value contains more than one @.
                return False
            # Dot must be in p2 (e.g. example.com)
            if '.' not in p2 or p2.startswith('.'):
                return False
            return True

        words = word_split_re.split(str(text))
        for i, word in enumerate(words):
            if '.' in word or '@' in word or ':' in word:
                # lead: Current punctuation trimmed from the beginning of the word.
                # middle: Current state of the word.
                # trail: Current punctuation trimmed from the end of the word.
                lead, middle, trail = '', word, ''
                # Deal with punctuation.
                lead, middle, trail = trim_punctuation(lead, middle, trail)

                # Make URL we want to point to.
                url = None
                nofollow_attr = ' rel="nofollow"' if nofollow else ''
                if simple_url_re.match(middle):
                    url = smart_urlquote(unescape(middle))
                elif simple_url_2_re.match(middle):
                    url = smart_urlquote('http://%s' % unescape(middle))
                elif ':' not in middle and is_email_simple(middle):
                    local, domain = middle.rsplit('@', 1)
                    try:
                        domain = domain.encode('idna').decode('ascii')
                    except UnicodeError:
                        continue
                    url = 'mailto:%s@%s' % (local, domain)
                    nofollow_attr = ''

                # Make link.
                if url:
                    trimmed = trim_url(middle)
                    if autoescape and not safe_input:
                        lead, trail = escape(lead), escape(trail)
                        trimmed = escape(trimmed)
                    middle = '<a href="%s"%s>%s</a>' % (escape(url), nofollow_attr, trimmed)
                    words[i] = mark_safe('%s%s%s' % (lead, middle, trail))
                else:
                    if safe_input:
                        words[i] = mark_safe(word)
                    elif autoescape:
                        words[i] = escape(word)
            elif safe_input:
                words[i] = mark_safe(word)
            elif autoescape:
                words[i] = escape(word)
        return ''.join(words)

    def avoid_wrapping(value):
        """
        Avoid text wrapping in the middle of a phrase by adding non-breaking
        spaces where there previously were normal spaces.
        """
        return value.replace(" ", "\xa0")

    def html_safe(klass):
        """
        A decorator that defines the __html__ method. This helps non-Django
        templates to detect classes whose __str__ methods return SafeText.
        """
        if '__html__' in klass.__dict__:
            raise ValueError(
                "can't apply @html_safe to %s because it defines "
                "__html__()." % klass.__name__
            )
        if '__str__' not in klass.__dict__:
            raise ValueError(
                "can't apply @html_safe to %s because it doesn't "
                "define __str__()." % klass.__name__
            )
        klass_str = klass.__str__
        klass.__str__ = lambda self: mark_safe(klass_str(self))
        klass.__html__ = lambda self: str(self)
        return klass