# Django 2.2.9.dev20191202104323 文档

# Testing GeoDjango apps

Included in this documentation are some additional notes and settings for PostGIS users.

## PostGIS

### 配置

注解

The settings below have sensible defaults, and shouldn't require manual setting.

#### `POSTGIS_VERSION`

When GeoDjango's spatial backend initializes on PostGIS, it has to perform an SQL query to determine the version in order to figure out what features are available. Advanced users wishing to prevent this additional query may set the version manually using a 3-tuple of integers specifying the major, minor, and micro version numbers for PostGIS. For example, to configure for PostGIS X.Y.Z you would use:

    POSTGIS_VERSION = (X, Y, Z)

### Obtaining sufficient privileges

Depending on your configuration, this section describes several methods to configure a database user with sufficient privileges to run tests for GeoDjango applications on PostgreSQL. If your spatial database template was created like in the instructions, then your testing database user only needs to have the ability to create databases. In other configurations, you may be required to use a database superuser.

#### Create database user

To make a database user with the ability to create databases, use the following command:

    $ createuser --createdb -R -S <user_name>

The `-R -S` flags indicate that we do not want the user to have the ability to create additional users (roles) or to be a superuser, respectively.

Alternatively, you may alter an existing user's role from the SQL shell (assuming this is done from an existing superuser account):

    postgres# ALTER ROLE <user_name> CREATEDB NOSUPERUSER NOCREATEROLE;

#### Create database superuser

This may be done at the time the user is created, for example:

    $ createuser --superuser <user_name>

Or you may alter the user's role from the SQL shell (assuming this is done from an existing superuser account):

    postgres# ALTER ROLE <user_name> SUPERUSER;

### Windows

On Windows platforms the pgAdmin III utility may also be used as a simple way to add superuser privileges to your database user.

By default, the PostGIS installer on Windows includes a template spatial database entitled `template_postgis`.

## GeoDjango tests

To have the GeoDjango tests executed when running the Django test suite with `runtests.py` all of the databases in the settings file must be using one of the spatial database backends.

### 例如

The following is an example bare-bones settings file with spatial backends that can be used to run the entire Django test suite, including those in `django.contrib.gis`:

    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
            'NAME': 'geodjango',
            'USER': 'geodjango',
        },
        'other': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
            'NAME': 'other',
            'USER': 'geodjango',
        },
    }

    SECRET_KEY = 'django_tests_secret_key'

Assuming the settings above were in a `postgis.py` file in the same directory as `runtests.py`, then all Django and GeoDjango tests would be performed when executing the command:

    $ ./runtests.py --settings=postgis

To run only the GeoDjango test suite, specify `gis_tests`:

    $ ./runtests.py --settings=postgis gis_tests