Superclass attribute shadows subclass method¶
ID: py/attribute-shadows-method
Kind: problem
Severity: error
Precision: high
Tags:
- maintainability
- correctness
Query suites:
- python-security-and-quality.qls
Click to see the query in the CodeQL repository
Subclass shadowing occurs when an instance attribute of a superclass has the the same name as a method of a subclass, or vice-versa. The semantics of Python attribute look-up mean that the instance attribute of the superclass hides the method in the subclass.
Recommendation¶
Rename the method in the subclass or rename the attribute in the superclass.
Example¶
The following code includes an example of subclass shadowing. When you call Cow().milk() an error is raised because Cow().milk is interpreted as the ‘milk’ attribute set in Mammal.__init__, not the ‘milk’ method defined within Cow. This can be fixed by changing the name of either the ‘milk’ attribute or the ‘milk’ method.
class Mammal(object):
def __init__(self, milk = 0):
self.milk = milk
class Cow(Mammal):
def __init__(self):
Mammal.__init__(self)
def milk(self):
return "Milk"
#Cow().milk() will raise an error as Cow().milk is the 'milk' attribute
#set in Mammal.__init__, not the 'milk' method defined on Cow.