Added forward bias voltage

[sadiqebrahim]

Describe your change:

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
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• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the commit message contains Fixes: #{$ISSUE_NO}.

[CaedenPH]

Looks good

[CaedenPH]

@cclauss I know this is on hold but its a pretty quick and easy one to merge

[tianyizheng02]

Why not just make the temperature a parameter?

Suggested change

	T = 300 # TEMPERATURE (unit = K)
	def forward_bias_current(
	forward_voltage: float,
	reverse_saturation_current: float,
	) -> float:
	def forward_bias_current(
	forward_voltage: float,
	reverse_saturation_current: float,
	temp_kelvin: float = 300.0
	) -> float:

[tianyizheng02]

Suggested change

	from math import e
	from math import exp

math has an exp function that's "usually more accurate than math.e ** x or pow(math.e, x)" according to Python docs.

[tianyizheng02]

Suggested change

	from scipy.constants import Boltzmann, physical_constants
	from scipy import constants

constants already has an easy way to get the value of constants without needing to access the underlying physical_constants dict: constants.get()

[cclauss]

These are constants. Is there a good reason to pay the function call overhead of using .get()?

[tianyizheng02]

Suggested change

	if forward_voltage < 0:
	raise ValueError("Forward voltage cannot be negative")
	elif reverse_saturation_current <= 0:
	raise ValueError("Reverse saturation current should be positive")
	elif reverse_saturation_current > 1e-5:
	raise ValueError("Reverse saturation current cannot be greater than 1e-5")
	else:
	return reverse_saturation_current * (
	e
	** (
	(forward_voltage * physical_constants["electron volt"][0])
	/ (Boltzmann * T)
	)
	- 1
	)
	if forward_voltage < 0:
	raise ValueError("Forward voltage cannot be negative")
	if reverse_saturation_current <= 0:
	raise ValueError("Reverse saturation current must be positive")
	if reverse_saturation_current > 1e-5:
	raise ValueError("Reverse saturation current cannot be greater than 1e-5")
	return reverse_saturation_current * (
	exp(
	forward_voltage * constants.get("electron volt")
	/ (constants.k * temp_kelvin)
	) - 1
	)

[cclauss]

Suggested change

	This function can calculate the Forward Bias Current of a pn junction diode.
	This is calculated from the given two values.
	Calculate the Forward Bias Current of a pn junction diode from given two values.