Replace Py_INCREF() and Py_XINCREF() with Py_NewRef() and
Py_XNewRef() in Python/Python-ast.c.

Update Parser/asdl_c.py to regenerate code.

…h-99487)

This moves nearly all remaining object-holding globals in core code (other than static types).

#81057

Replace Py_INCREF() and Py_XINCREF() with Py_NewRef() and
Py_XNewRef() in C files of the Python/ directory.

Update Parser/asdl_c.py to regenerate Python/Python-ast.c.

…ks. (GH-96510)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

… compiled (GH-93359)

Currently, calling Py_EnterRecursiveCall() and
Py_LeaveRecursiveCall() may use a function call or a static inline
function call, depending if the internal pycore_ceval.h header file
is included or not. Use a different name for the static inline
function to ensure that the static inline function is always used in
Python internals for best performance. Similar approach than
PyThreadState_GET() (function call) and _PyThreadState_GET() (static
inline function).

* Rename _Py_EnterRecursiveCall() to _Py_EnterRecursiveCallTstate()
* Rename _Py_LeaveRecursiveCall() to _Py_LeaveRecursiveCallTstate()
* pycore_ceval.h: Rename Py_EnterRecursiveCall() to
  _Py_EnterRecursiveCall() and Py_LeaveRecursiveCall() and
  _Py_LeaveRecursiveCall()

…-30467)

Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:isidentical

When compiling an AST object with a direct / indirect reference
cycles, on the conversion phase because of exceeding amount of
calls, a segfault was raised. This patch adds recursion guards to
places for preventing user inputs to not to crash AST but instead
raise a RecursionError.

Co-authored-by: Brandt Bucher <brandtbucher@gmail.com>

* Add source location attributes to alias.
* Move alias star construction to pegen helper.

Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo <Pablogsal@gmail.com>

Rename AST functions of pycore_ast.h to use the "_PyAST_" prefix.
Remove macros creating aliases without prefix. For example, Module()
becomes _PyAST_Module(). Update Grammar/python.gram to use
_PyAST_xxx() functions.

* pycore_ast.h no longer defines the Yield macro.
* Fix a compiler warning on Windows: "warning C4005: 'Yield': macro
  redefinition".
* Python-ast.c now defines directly functions with their real
  _Py_xxx() name, rather than xxx().
* Remove "#undef Yield" in C files including pycore_ast.h.

Remove the pyarena.h header file with functions:

* PyArena_New()
* PyArena_Free()
* PyArena_Malloc()
* PyArena_AddPyObject()

These functions were undocumented, excluded from the limited C API,
and were only used internally by the compiler.

Add pycore_pyarena.h header. Rename functions:

* PyArena_New() => _PyArena_New()
* PyArena_Free() => _PyArena_Free()
* PyArena_Malloc() => _PyArena_Malloc()
* PyArena_AddPyObject() => _PyArena_AddPyObject()

These functions were undocumented and excluded from the limited C
API.

Most names defined by these header files were not prefixed by "Py"
and so could create names conflicts. For example, Python-ast.h
defined a "Yield" macro which was conflict with the "Yield" name used
by the Windows <winbase.h> header.

Use the Python ast module instead.

* Move Include/asdl.h to Include/internal/pycore_asdl.h.
* Move Include/Python-ast.h to Include/internal/pycore_ast.h.
* Remove ast.h header file.
* pycore_symtable.h no longer includes Python-ast.h.

test_peg_generator now defines _Py_TEST_PEGEN macro when building C
code to not call PyAST_Validate() in Parser/pegen.c. Moreover, it
defines Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE macro to get access to the internal
C API.

Remove "global_ast_state" from Python-ast.c when it's built by
test_peg_generator: always get the AST state from the current interpreter.

Co-authored-by: Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Talin <viridia@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pablo Galindo <pablogsal@gmail.com>

Replace PyModule_AddObject() with PyModule_AddObjectRef() in the _ast
module (Python-ast.c).

Call _PyAST_Fini() on all interpreters, not only on the main
interpreter. Also, call it ealier to fix a reference leak.

Python types contain a reference to themselves in in their
PyTypeObject.tp_mro member. _PyAST_Fini() must called before the last
GC collection to destroy AST types.

_PyInterpreterState_Clear() now calls _PyAST_Fini(). It now also
calls _PyWarnings_Fini() on subinterpeters, not only on the main
interpreter.

Add an assertion in AST init_types() to ensure that the _ast module
is no longer used after _PyAST_Fini() has been called.

The ast module internal state is now per interpreter.

* Rename "astmodulestate" to "struct ast_state"
* Add pycore_ast.h internal header: the ast_state structure is now
  declared in pycore_ast.h.
* Add PyInterpreterState.ast (struct ast_state)
* Remove get_ast_state()
* Rename get_global_ast_state() to get_ast_state()
* PyAST_obj2mod() now handles get_ast_state() failures

* Add new capability to the PEG parser to type variable assignments. For instance:
```
       | a[asdl_stmt_seq*]=';'.small_stmt+ [';'] NEWLINE { a }
```

* Add new sequence types from the asdl definition (automatically generated)
* Make `asdl_seq` type a generic aliasing pointer type.
* Create a new `asdl_generic_seq` for the generic case using `void*`.
* The old `asdl_seq_GET`/`ast_seq_SET` macros now are typed.
* New `asdl_seq_GET_UNTYPED`/`ast_seq_SET_UNTYPED` macros for dealing with generic sequences.
* Changes all possible `asdl_seq` types to use specific versions everywhere.

Partially revert commit ac46eb4:
"bpo-38113: Update the Python-ast.c generator to PEP384 (gh-15957)".

Using a module state per module instance is causing subtle practical
problems.

For example, the Mercurial project replaces the __import__() function
to implement lazy import, whereas Python expected that "import _ast"
always return a fully initialized _ast module.

Add _PyAST_Fini() to clear the state at exit.

The _ast module has no state (set _astmodule.m_size to 0). Remove
astmodule_traverse(), astmodule_clear() and astmodule_free()
functions.

Convert the _ast extension module to PEP 489 "Multiphase
initialization". Replace the global _ast state with a module state.

Fix a crash in the _ast module: it can no longer be loaded more than
once. It now uses a global state rather than a module state.

* Move _ast module state: use a global state instead.
* Set _astmodule.m_size to -1, so the extension cannot be loaded more
  than once.

Rework asdl_c.py to pass the module state to functions in
Python-ast.c, instead of using astmodulestate_global.

Handle also PyState_AddModule() failure in init_types().

…_FromSpec types (reverts GH-19414) (GH-20264)

Heap types now always visit the type in tp_traverse. See added docs for details.

This reverts commit 0169d30.

Automerge-Triggered-By: @encukou

…H-12382)

…ode for the AST (GH-19952)

If only offsetof() is needed: include stddef.h instead.

When structmember.h is used, add a comment explaining that
PyMemberDef is used.

…9283)

* Re-add removed classes Suite, slice, Param, AugLoad and AugStore.
* Add docstrings for dummy classes.
* Add docstrings for attribute aliases.
* Set __module__ to "ast" instead of "_ast".